Standards and guidelines for career development practitioners
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners 23 Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners
Information on professional standards that apply to practitioners in a practitioner’s career within their current professional development
Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing
Career development practitioners provide Further detailed and focused ethical guidelines policies and ethical standards under which career development and
Professional Standards for Career Services; Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners, knowledge and skill development of career services practitioners .
Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a
Welcome to the CDAA. The Career Development Association of Members of the CDAA may identify as Career Development Practitioners or any number of related job
Rehabilitation and Career Development Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner Training and the Canadian Standards and Guidelines,
The Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners was launched in January 2001 at the National Consultation for Career Development (NATCON).
In the case of community work practitioners this is The code of ethics and practice guidelines are nationally PROFESSIONAL AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
… development, and achievement. CAS Standards respond education practitioners in student programs ways to apply CAS standards and guidelines.
… out in the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Standards and Guidelines for Career Interventions for Career Practitioners;
The Career Development Practitioner Certificate Career Development Practitioner competencies of the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career

Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner

professional standards learning.gov.wales
canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners
… career development practitioners or career level and meet Conestoga standards of and skills taught in the Career Development Practitioner
Professional ethical principles and practice standards reinforce ethics and practices and guidelines to ensure Professional Development Hours; Career
Guidelines differ from standards. Practitioners need to be aware of both federal laws that affect Career Development and Transition for Exceptional
The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients

Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development. Areas of Specialization. Work Development 2001 Prepared by ATEC for the National Steering Committee for
Career Practitioners/Educators. All Links In This Folder Find information on career development standards and guidelines, project updates, newsletters,
NACE’s Principles provide everyone involved in the career development and NACE’s Principles for Ethical Professional Practice are Guidelines for Career

practice of nursing and a link with other standards, guidelines and The following principles guided the development of Professional Standards: practitioners
Career Consultant Certificate – 076. career development practitioner with over 13 years for the Career Consultant Certificate course for the past
SACDA CODE OF ETHICS South African Career Development
– national occupational classification 2011 career handbook

Part-Time Career Development Practitioner Certificate

Social Justice Competencies for Career Development

CAS Council for the Advancement of Standards in Higher

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Career_Development_Practitioner

–

SACDA CODE OF ETHICS South African Career Development
Ontario Workinfonet (OnWIN) Links – Career Practitioners

Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing
The Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners was launched in January 2001 at the National Consultation for Career Development (NATCON).
Information on professional standards that apply to practitioners in a practitioner’s career within their current professional development
In the case of community work practitioners this is The code of ethics and practice guidelines are nationally PROFESSIONAL AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development. Areas of Specialization. Work Development 2001 Prepared by ATEC for the National Steering Committee for
Professional Standards for Career Services; Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners, knowledge and skill development of career services practitioners .
The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients
Career Practitioners/Educators. All Links In This Folder Find information on career development standards and guidelines, project updates, newsletters,

PFSS CPCS Kansas State University
Part-Time Career Development Practitioner Certificate

… career development practitioners or career level and meet Conestoga standards of and skills taught in the Career Development Practitioner
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners 23 Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners
… out in the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Standards and Guidelines for Career Interventions for Career Practitioners;
Professional Standards for Career Services; Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners, knowledge and skill development of career services practitioners .

Social Justice Competencies for Career Development
SACDA CODE OF ETHICS South African Career Development

Information on professional standards that apply to practitioners in a practitioner’s career within their current professional development
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development. Areas of Specialization. Work Development 2001 Prepared by ATEC for the National Steering Committee for
Career Practitioners/Educators. All Links In This Folder Find information on career development standards and guidelines, project updates, newsletters,
Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a
Welcome to the CDAA. The Career Development Association of Members of the CDAA may identify as Career Development Practitioners or any number of related job
The Career Development Practitioner Certificate Career Development Practitioner competencies of the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career
Guidelines differ from standards. Practitioners need to be aware of both federal laws that affect Career Development and Transition for Exceptional
In the case of community work practitioners this is The code of ethics and practice guidelines are nationally PROFESSIONAL AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
The Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners was launched in January 2001 at the National Consultation for Career Development (NATCON).
… out in the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Standards and Guidelines for Career Interventions for Career Practitioners;
Rehabilitation and Career Development Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner Training and the Canadian Standards and Guidelines,
Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing

Social Justice Competencies for Career Development
Part-Time Career Development Practitioner Certificate

Career Practitioners/Educators. All Links In This Folder Find information on career development standards and guidelines, project updates, newsletters,
Professional ethical principles and practice standards reinforce ethics and practices and guidelines to ensure Professional Development Hours; Career
Career development practitioners provide Further detailed and focused ethical guidelines policies and ethical standards under which career development and
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners 23 Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners
NACE’s Principles provide everyone involved in the career development and NACE’s Principles for Ethical Professional Practice are Guidelines for Career
Information on professional standards that apply to practitioners in a practitioner’s career within their current professional development
Guidelines differ from standards. Practitioners need to be aware of both federal laws that affect Career Development and Transition for Exceptional
Welcome to the CDAA. The Career Development Association of Members of the CDAA may identify as Career Development Practitioners or any number of related job
The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients
… career development practitioners or career level and meet Conestoga standards of and skills taught in the Career Development Practitioner

Career Development Practitioner Certificate Baffin Region
Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner

Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a
The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients
… development, and achievement. CAS Standards respond education practitioners in student programs ways to apply CAS standards and guidelines.
Information on professional standards that apply to practitioners in a practitioner’s career within their current professional development
Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing
canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners

Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner
PFSS CPCS Kansas State University

The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients
Career Consultant Certificate – 076. career development practitioner with over 13 years for the Career Consultant Certificate course for the past
Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a
NACE’s Principles provide everyone involved in the career development and NACE’s Principles for Ethical Professional Practice are Guidelines for Career

Career Development Practitioner Certificate Baffin Region
Professional Practice Guidelines for Integrating the Role

Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing
Career Consultant Certificate – 076. career development practitioner with over 13 years for the Career Consultant Certificate course for the past
Career development practitioners provide Further detailed and focused ethical guidelines policies and ethical standards under which career development and
The Career Development Practitioner Certificate Career Development Practitioner competencies of the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career
Rehabilitation and Career Development Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner Training and the Canadian Standards and Guidelines,
practice of nursing and a link with other standards, guidelines and The following principles guided the development of Professional Standards: practitioners
Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a
Welcome to the CDAA. The Career Development Association of Members of the CDAA may identify as Career Development Practitioners or any number of related job
… out in the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Standards and Guidelines for Career Interventions for Career Practitioners;
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners 23 Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners
canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners
Guidelines differ from standards. Practitioners need to be aware of both federal laws that affect Career Development and Transition for Exceptional
The Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners was launched in January 2001 at the National Consultation for Career Development (NATCON).
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development. Areas of Specialization. Work Development 2001 Prepared by ATEC for the National Steering Committee for
Career Practitioners/Educators. All Links In This Folder Find information on career development standards and guidelines, project updates, newsletters,

PFSS CPCS Kansas State University
Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner

In the case of community work practitioners this is The code of ethics and practice guidelines are nationally PROFESSIONAL AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Career Practitioners/Educators. All Links In This Folder Find information on career development standards and guidelines, project updates, newsletters,
The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients
NACE’s Principles provide everyone involved in the career development and NACE’s Principles for Ethical Professional Practice are Guidelines for Career
Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing
The Career Development Practitioner Certificate Career Development Practitioner competencies of the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career
Guidelines differ from standards. Practitioners need to be aware of both federal laws that affect Career Development and Transition for Exceptional
Welcome to the CDAA. The Career Development Association of Members of the CDAA may identify as Career Development Practitioners or any number of related job
Information on professional standards that apply to practitioners in a practitioner’s career within their current professional development
canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners
Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a
Professional Standards for Career Services; Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners, knowledge and skill development of career services practitioners .
Rehabilitation and Career Development Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner Training and the Canadian Standards and Guidelines,
The Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners was launched in January 2001 at the National Consultation for Career Development (NATCON).
… career development practitioners or career level and meet Conestoga standards of and skills taught in the Career Development Practitioner

Ontario Workinfonet (OnWIN) Links – Career Practitioners
Part-Time Career Development Practitioner Certificate

… career development practitioners or career level and meet Conestoga standards of and skills taught in the Career Development Practitioner
Career Practitioners/Educators. All Links In This Folder Find information on career development standards and guidelines, project updates, newsletters,
Guidelines differ from standards. Practitioners need to be aware of both federal laws that affect Career Development and Transition for Exceptional
Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a
… out in the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Standards and Guidelines for Career Interventions for Career Practitioners;
Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing
Information on professional standards that apply to practitioners in a practitioner’s career within their current professional development
The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients
canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners

Part-Time Career Development Practitioner Certificate
Social Justice Competencies for Career Development

Rehabilitation and Career Development Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner Training and the Canadian Standards and Guidelines,
… out in the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Standards and Guidelines for Career Interventions for Career Practitioners;
… development, and achievement. CAS Standards respond education practitioners in student programs ways to apply CAS standards and guidelines.
Professional ethical principles and practice standards reinforce ethics and practices and guidelines to ensure Professional Development Hours; Career
Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing
In the case of community work practitioners this is The code of ethics and practice guidelines are nationally PROFESSIONAL AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
The Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners was launched in January 2001 at the National Consultation for Career Development (NATCON).
Career Practitioners/Educators. All Links In This Folder Find information on career development standards and guidelines, project updates, newsletters,
practice of nursing and a link with other standards, guidelines and The following principles guided the development of Professional Standards: practitioners
canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners
Guidelines differ from standards. Practitioners need to be aware of both federal laws that affect Career Development and Transition for Exceptional
The Career Development Practitioner Certificate Career Development Practitioner competencies of the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career
Welcome to the CDAA. The Career Development Association of Members of the CDAA may identify as Career Development Practitioners or any number of related job

Professional Practice Guidelines for Integrating the Role
Social Justice Competencies for Career Development

Professional ethical principles and practice standards reinforce ethics and practices and guidelines to ensure Professional Development Hours; Career
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners 23 Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development. Areas of Specialization. Work Development 2001 Prepared by ATEC for the National Steering Committee for
In the case of community work practitioners this is The code of ethics and practice guidelines are nationally PROFESSIONAL AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Information on professional standards that apply to practitioners in a practitioner’s career within their current professional development
Career Practitioners/Educators. All Links In This Folder Find information on career development standards and guidelines, project updates, newsletters,
… career development practitioners or career level and meet Conestoga standards of and skills taught in the Career Development Practitioner
The Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners was launched in January 2001 at the National Consultation for Career Development (NATCON).
Professional Standards for Career Services; Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners, knowledge and skill development of career services practitioners .
Career development practitioners provide Further detailed and focused ethical guidelines policies and ethical standards under which career development and
Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing
The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients
canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners
Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a

Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner
Professional Practice Guidelines for Integrating the Role

Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development. Areas of Specialization. Work Development 2001 Prepared by ATEC for the National Steering Committee for
Career development practitioners provide Further detailed and focused ethical guidelines policies and ethical standards under which career development and
The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients
The Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners was launched in January 2001 at the National Consultation for Career Development (NATCON).
Rehabilitation and Career Development Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner Training and the Canadian Standards and Guidelines,
Welcome to the CDAA. The Career Development Association of Members of the CDAA may identify as Career Development Practitioners or any number of related job
NACE’s Principles provide everyone involved in the career development and NACE’s Principles for Ethical Professional Practice are Guidelines for Career
Career Consultant Certificate – 076. career development practitioner with over 13 years for the Career Consultant Certificate course for the past
canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners
Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a
Professional Standards for Career Services; Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners, knowledge and skill development of career services practitioners .
Information on professional standards that apply to practitioners in a practitioner’s career within their current professional development
Professional ethical principles and practice standards reinforce ethics and practices and guidelines to ensure Professional Development Hours; Career
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners 23 Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners

Part-Time Career Development Practitioner Certificate
SACDA CODE OF ETHICS South African Career Development

Welcome to the CDAA. The Career Development Association of Members of the CDAA may identify as Career Development Practitioners or any number of related job
In the case of community work practitioners this is The code of ethics and practice guidelines are nationally PROFESSIONAL AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Guidelines differ from standards. Practitioners need to be aware of both federal laws that affect Career Development and Transition for Exceptional
Rehabilitation and Career Development Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner Training and the Canadian Standards and Guidelines,
Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a
The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients
NACE’s Principles provide everyone involved in the career development and NACE’s Principles for Ethical Professional Practice are Guidelines for Career
Professional Standards for Career Services; Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners, knowledge and skill development of career services practitioners .
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners 23 Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners
… development, and achievement. CAS Standards respond education practitioners in student programs ways to apply CAS standards and guidelines.
Career Consultant Certificate – 076. career development practitioner with over 13 years for the Career Consultant Certificate course for the past
The Career Development Practitioner Certificate Career Development Practitioner competencies of the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career
Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing

Ontario Workinfonet (OnWIN) Links – Career Practitioners
CAS Council for the Advancement of Standards in Higher

Career development practitioners provide Further detailed and focused ethical guidelines policies and ethical standards under which career development and
practice of nursing and a link with other standards, guidelines and The following principles guided the development of Professional Standards: practitioners
Welcome to the CDAA. The Career Development Association of Members of the CDAA may identify as Career Development Practitioners or any number of related job
Career Consultant Certificate – 076. career development practitioner with over 13 years for the Career Consultant Certificate course for the past
… career development practitioners or career level and meet Conestoga standards of and skills taught in the Career Development Practitioner
Professional ethical principles and practice standards reinforce ethics and practices and guidelines to ensure Professional Development Hours; Career
Guidelines differ from standards. Practitioners need to be aware of both federal laws that affect Career Development and Transition for Exceptional
NACE’s Principles provide everyone involved in the career development and NACE’s Principles for Ethical Professional Practice are Guidelines for Career
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development. Areas of Specialization. Work Development 2001 Prepared by ATEC for the National Steering Committee for

SACDA CODE OF ETHICS South African Career Development
Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner

Welcome to the CDAA. The Career Development Association of Members of the CDAA may identify as Career Development Practitioners or any number of related job
Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a
Career Consultant Certificate – 076. career development practitioner with over 13 years for the Career Consultant Certificate course for the past
… career development practitioners or career level and meet Conestoga standards of and skills taught in the Career Development Practitioner
Professional Standards for Career Services; Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners, knowledge and skill development of career services practitioners .
Career development practitioners provide Further detailed and focused ethical guidelines policies and ethical standards under which career development and
In the case of community work practitioners this is The code of ethics and practice guidelines are nationally PROFESSIONAL AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
… out in the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Standards and Guidelines for Career Interventions for Career Practitioners;
The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients
Professional ethical principles and practice standards reinforce ethics and practices and guidelines to ensure Professional Development Hours; Career
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development. Areas of Specialization. Work Development 2001 Prepared by ATEC for the National Steering Committee for
Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing
Guidelines differ from standards. Practitioners need to be aware of both federal laws that affect Career Development and Transition for Exceptional
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners 23 Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners
Information on professional standards that apply to practitioners in a practitioner’s career within their current professional development

CAS Council for the Advancement of Standards in Higher
Career Development Practitioner Certificate Baffin Region

NACE’s Principles provide everyone involved in the career development and NACE’s Principles for Ethical Professional Practice are Guidelines for Career
… out in the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Standards and Guidelines for Career Interventions for Career Practitioners;
Standards & Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners serves career development practitioners and membership is open to all – whether you work in a
Career development practitioners provide Further detailed and focused ethical guidelines policies and ethical standards under which career development and
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners 23 Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners
Rehabilitation and Career Development Rehabilitation and Career Development Practitioner Training and the Canadian Standards and Guidelines,
Career Practitioners/Educators. All Links In This Folder Find information on career development standards and guidelines, project updates, newsletters,

Ontario Workinfonet (OnWIN) Links – Career Practitioners
Social Justice Competencies for Career Development

Career Practitioners/Educators. All Links In This Folder Find information on career development standards and guidelines, project updates, newsletters,
The Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners was launched in January 2001 at the National Consultation for Career Development (NATCON).
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development. Areas of Specialization. Work Development 2001 Prepared by ATEC for the National Steering Committee for
practice of nursing and a link with other standards, guidelines and The following principles guided the development of Professional Standards: practitioners
Guidelines differ from standards. Practitioners need to be aware of both federal laws that affect Career Development and Transition for Exceptional
Welcome to the CDAA. The Career Development Association of Members of the CDAA may identify as Career Development Practitioners or any number of related job
… out in the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Standards and Guidelines for Career Interventions for Career Practitioners;
… career development practitioners or career level and meet Conestoga standards of and skills taught in the Career Development Practitioner
Career Consultant Certificate – 076. career development practitioner with over 13 years for the Career Consultant Certificate course for the past
Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners 23 Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners

SACDA CODE OF ETHICS South African Career Development
PFSS CPCS Kansas State University

canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners canadian standards and Guidelines for career development Practitioners
… out in the Canadian Standards and Guidelines for Career Development Standards and Guidelines for Career Interventions for Career Practitioners;
Professional Standards for Career Services; Guidelines for Career Development Practitioners, knowledge and skill development of career services practitioners .
Download Citation on ResearchGate Social Justice Competencies for Career Development Practitioners Shifting demographics within nations and the growing
Career Consultant Certificate – 076. career development practitioner with over 13 years for the Career Consultant Certificate course for the past
The CCDF is a non-profit organization that works to advance career development and the capacity of the profession to respond with compassion and skill to all clients
In the case of community work practitioners this is The code of ethics and practice guidelines are nationally PROFESSIONAL AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Career development practitioners provide Further detailed and focused ethical guidelines policies and ethical standards under which career development and